Traditional bricks Itukalu

No of bricks required in India Accurate estimation of bricks is pivotal in house construction in India  and plays major role in construction cost . Recognizing brick types like Modular and Conventional, with dimensions such as 230mm x 110mm x 75mm, is foundational. For a standard 4″ brick wall, the thumb rule suggests 55 bricks per square meter, factoring in a 10% wastage allowance. Opting for a robust 9″ double-layer wall doubles the requirement to 110 bricks per square meter, ensuring structural integrity. This straightforward rule simplifies planning, aiding homeowners and builders in precise brick calculations for successful house construction. Types of Bricks & Brick Dimensions  Type of Bricks Dimensions in mm Dimensions in inches Modular/Metric Bricks 190mm x 90mm x 90mm 7.48in x 3.54in x 3.54in Non-Modular Bricks 230mm x 110mm x 70mm 9in x 4.33in x 2.75in Conventional Bricks 230mm x 110mm x 110mm 9in x 4.33in x 4.33in English Size Bricks 230mm x 115mm x 75mm 9in x 4.5in x 3in How many Bricks Required per 1 square feet  1 sqft = 144 inch 1brick areas is 32 sq inch, so no of bricks required for 1 square feet for 4.5 inch wall is 144/32inch = 4.5 bricks no of bricks required for 1 square feet for 9inch wall is 9-10 bricks .  How Many bricks required per 1 cft ? 4.5 inch Brick wall calculator number of bricks per square meter  Size: 230mm x 110mm x 75mm (0.230×0.110×0.075 m)Mortar Thickness: 10 to 15mm (0.01m)By adding the thickness of the mortar Length of Bricks in mm (L) = 230mm + 10mm = 240mm – 0.240m Width of Bricks in mm (W) = 110mm + 10mm = 120mm – 0.110 Thickness of Bricks in meter (T) =75 mm + 10mm = 85mm – 0.085m    Length (L): 240mm – 0.240mWidth (W): 120mm – 0.120mThickness (T): 85mm – 0.085mArea of Each Brick: 0.0204 sqmNo. of bricks in 1 square meter: 50 bricksConsider 10 % as brick wastage Number of bricks per square meter for 4.5 inch wall  = 50 + 5 = 55nos/sqm 9inch Brick Wall or Double Layer No. of bricks in 1 square meter for 4.5inch wall: 55No. of bricks in 1 square meter for 9inch wall: 110 (twice the thickness of 4.5inch wall) Application of Thumb Rule Given: 4.5inch brick wall size = 3m x 3mNo. of bricks in 4.5inch wall of 9m2: 495 bricks  The thumb rule simplifies brick estimation, providing a quick way to calculate the number of bricks per square meter for different wall types.  List of how many bricks required for construction  no of bricks (area/ volume ) Bricks per Unit  Bricks required for wall 4.5 inch wall Bricks required for 9inch Wall 100 Square Feet 4.5 to 5 bricks/sq ft 450 to 500 bricks 900 to 1000 bricks 500 Square Feet 4.5 to 5 bricks/sq ft 2250 to 2500 bricks 4500 to 5000 bricks 1000 Square Feet 4.5 to 5 bricks/sq ft 4500 to 5000 bricks 9000 to 10000 bricks 10 Square Meters 55 bricks/sq m 550 bricks 1100 bricks 20 Square Meters 55 bricks/sq m 1100 bricks 2200 bricks 10 Cubic Feet 13.5 bricks/cft 135 bricks 270 bricks 20 Cubic Feet 13.5 bricks/cft 270 bricks 540 bricks 2 Cubic Meters 500 bricks/m3 1000 bricks 2000 bricks 3 Cubic Meters 500 bricks/m3 1500 bricks 3000 bricks 4 Cubic Meters 500 bricks/m3 2000 bricks 4000 bricks 5 Cubic Meters 500 bricks/m3 2500 bricks 5000 bricks  is you like this article please follow us of  Hyderabad builders  What is the difference between a 4″ brick wall and a 9″ brick wall in terms of brick quantity? A 9″ brick wall requires twice the number of bricks compared to a 4″ wall. The thumb rule suggests 110 bricks per square meter for a 9″ wall. How many bricks are typically required for 1 square feet 4.5 to 5 bricks per square foot How many bricks in 1 square meter? 55 bricks are required for 1 square meter  How many bricks required for 1 cubic feet Size of the brick = 9 inch×4.5 inch×3 inch Size of the brick with mortar = 9.08 inch×4.58 inch×3.08 inch , which is approximately 128 cubic Volume of 1 cft = 1ftx1ft x1ft = 12inx 12in x 12in = 1728 cubic inches Volume of the brick with motor= L X B X H  Now, let’s convert cubic inches to cubic feet: no of bricks = Volume in 1 cft / volume of 1 brick with motor no of  bricks =1728/128 Number of bricks for 1 cft = 13.5 bricks No of bricks required for 4 inch wall per square meter Total no of bricks required for 4.5 inch  how many bricks in 100 square feet 9 inch wall For a square feet you will be required 4.5 to 5 bricks for a 4inch wall. For a 9 inch wall 900-1000 bricks are required to construct 100 square-feet wall

How Bricks are made The brick manufacturing industry, though rooted in timeless principles, has undergone transformative changes propelled by technological advancements. While the fundamentals remain unaltered, contemporary brick plants demonstrate increased efficiency and enhanced product quality.  Lets dive in to the process how bricks are made and what raw material requires and and what is the step by step brick manufacturing process. the are different type of bricks each has its own manufacturing process the type of manufacturing we choose to manufacture will have effect on both price of bricks and on environment also. Today the brick price in Hyderabad,India is Rs 9.50 Inr/ piece for 1000 bricks price is around Rs 9,500 INR this is standard quality brick price As per Invest India and IBEF, the construction Industry in India is expected to become the 3rd largest construction market globally and to reach USD 1.4 trillion by 2025. Moreover, Real Estate Industry in India is expected to reach USD 1 trillion by 2030 and will contribute to around of% to India’s GDP Raw Materials required in Brick Manufacturing Clay as the Foundation:  At the heart of brick manufacturing lies clay, an abundant and naturally occurring mineral on Earth. However, not all clays are interchangeable; they must meet specific criteria to be suitable for brick production. Key attributes include plasticity, the capacity to be shaped or molded when mixed with water, ample strength to retain form, and the ability to fuse at elevated temperatures. Categorizing Clay Varieties: Clays come in various forms, with three primary categories: surface clays, shales, and fire clays. Surface clays, found near the Earth’s exterior, may be upthrusts of older deposits or more recent sedimentary formations. Shales, subjected to high pressures, nearly harden into slate. Fire clays, mined at deeper levels, boast refractory qualities. Shale: Another essential raw material, shale contributes distinct properties to bricks. It is often blended with clay to achieve specific characteristics. Fire Clays: Fire clays are used in brick manufacturing for their ability to withstand high temperatures during firing. They are one of the categorized types of clays. Water: Water is crucial in the manufacturing process, especially during the preparation phase. It is added to clay to achieve plasticity and facilitate the forming process. Engobes (Clay Slurries): Finely ground clay or colorants in the form of engobes are applied to the brick surface during manufacturing to create textures, coatings, and distinctive patterns. Colorants: Various colorants, including iron for red hues, are naturally present in clays. The firing process and kiln control also influence the final color of the bricks. Concrete (for Concrete Bricks): In the case of concrete bricks, cement, aggregates, and other additives are used along with water to form the brick. Sand (for Sand-Lime Bricks): Sand is a key component in the production of sand-lime bricks, contributing to their composition and characteristics. Fly Ash (for Fly Ash Bricks): Fly ash, a waste product from coal combustion, is used in the manufacturing of fly ash bricks. Lubricants: Lubricants derived from processing organic materials are used in the forming process to prevent clay from sticking to molds. Sawdust (as Burnout Material): Sawdust is sometimes used as a burnout material in the firing process, contributing to the environmental efficiency of brick manufacturing   How bricks are made? Clay Collection: Suitable clay is gathered from natural deposits or mines. It should have the right composition and texture. Weathering: The clay is left to weather, exposed to the elements, which helps improve its plasticity and workability. Preparation: The clay is mixed with water to form a workable consistency, sometimes adding sand or other materials for better strength. Molding: The clay is shaped into brick forms using molds. It can be done by hand or using machinery. Drying: The molded bricks are allowed to air-dry, reducing moisture content. Firing: Bricks are fired in kilns at high temperatures, ranging from 1,000 to 2,000 degrees Celsius, turning them into durable, solid units. Cooling: After firing, bricks are left to cool gradually, ensuring strength and durability. The final product, shaped and solidified, emerges as durable and versatile building blocks.  In the late 19th century, contemporary U.S. brick production predominantly relies on mechanization. Step by step bricks manufacturing process Mining and Storage: Unearthing the Foundation The journey of brick creation commences with the extraction of surface clays, shales, and specialized fire clays from open pits, utilizing robust power equipment. These raw materials, brimming with potential, are then meticulously transported to designated storage areas within the manufacturing plant. The strategic storage not only ensures a continuous production flow, regardless of weather conditions but also facilitates blending, a crucial step for achieving uniformity, controlling color variations, and meeting specific brick body requirements. Preparation: Shaping the Raw Potential Before the alchemy of brick formation begins, large clay lumps and stones undergo a transformative size reduction. This critical preparation step involves the precise processing of materials through inclined vibrating screens, an intricate dance that regulates particle size. This meticulous preparation sets the stage for the subsequent phases of the manufacturing process. Forming the Brick: Crafting Excellence The heart of the manufacturing process beats within the forming phase, where clay transforms into the iconic brick shapes. Three primary processes govern this phase: Stiff-Mud Extravaganza: Approximately 90% of U.S. brick production unfolds through the stiff-mud process. Clay is extruded, de-aired in a vacuum chamber, and meticulously cut to precision. This intricate dance enhances workability, plasticity, and strength. Soft-Mud Elegance: Embracing clays with higher water content, the soft-mud process involves molding the clay in lubricated molds. The result? Exquisite brick forms, each a testament to the adaptability of the manufacturing process. Dry-Press Precision: Suited for low-plasticity clays, the dry-press process employs minimal water. Hydraulic or compressed air rams then press the clay into steel molds, showcasing precision and efficiency. Drying: From Wet to Solid Wet bricks, embodying 7 to 30 percent moisture contingent on the forming method, undergo a delicate drying phase. Within dedicated chambers, temperatures ranging from 100 ºF to 400 ºF guide the bricks through

2024 Construction Building Materials Price List When planning any building construction project, whether it’s a small home renovation or a major building construction project, understanding the cost of construction materials is crucial. This guide provides an overview of building material price list, offering insight into the affordability of cement, steel like TMT bars, and RMC (ready mix concrete). By detailing construction raw material costs and their applications in construction, this resource aims to help you make cost-effective choices for your next building construction cost estimation, ensuring your project aligns with your budget and construction requirements. Cement Bag Price Cement is a fundamental binding agent in construction, crucial for combining with water, sand, and aggregate. A significant aspect of budgeting in any building project is understanding the Price of Cement. When considering the cement cost per bag, the price for a standard 50 kg bag typically top cement companies price ranges from Rs 320 to Rs 450 depend on the cement grand and quality , which is vital for those needing to manage their finances effectively. before placing order you need to check today cement price and also need check the quality of the cement  Staying up-to-date with the cement price today helps in keeping track of market fluctuations, especially relevant for immediate purchases or short-term projects. For comprehensive planning, being aware of the cement price in India is essential, as it varies regionally and influences overall project costs. While cement price per kg is less commonly sought due to bulk buying habits, it’s still a useful metric for smaller or more precise construction tasks. For larger-scale builders and contractors, the bulk cement prices and wholesale cement price are key factors. Those seeking affordable cement options often compare different brands and types, including Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), and Rapid Hardening Cement (RHC). Cement Price List by Brand Cement Brand Price Range (Per Bag) JK SUPER Cement ₹320 to ₹358 ULTRA-TECH Cement ₹360 to ₹435 AMBUJA Cement ₹330 to ₹410 DALMIA Cement ₹345 to ₹380 JAYPEE Cement ₹316 to ₹321 ACC Cement ₹358 to ₹378 BIRLA A1 Cement ₹340 to ₹360 JK LAKSHMI Cement ₹355 to ₹410 CHETTINAD Cement ₹330 to ₹400 PENNA Cement Price not specified ZUARI Cement ₹325 to ₹360 RAMCO Cement ₹360 to ₹400 JK White Cement ₹850 to ₹870 The average cement consumption per square foot is around 0.4 bags, an important figure for accurately estimating material requirements. Keeping informed about cement price trends, including any recent cement price increase or decrease, is crucial for making well-informed, cost-effective decisions for any construction project. Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) price list Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) is a fundamental material in modern construction, valued for its consistency and quality. Prices from top RMC companies can vary, typically ranging from Rs 3000 to Rs 7500 per cubic meter, depending on factors like brand reputation, grade, and quantity. When tackling residential projects, it’s important to compare Ready Mix Concrete prices for residential projects for economical planning. In commercial construction, grasping the RMC cost per cubic meter and how to calculate RMC needs for commercial buildings is key to precise budget management. The benefits of using RMC from leading suppliers include not just uniform quality, but also efficiency in project timelines. Acknowledging the Ready Mix Concrete price in India and its regional differences is vital. This awareness helps ensure that both smaller residential and larger commercial projects stay within financial bounds while utilizing top-grade RMC for optimal construction outcomes. Sand & Aggregate Price list In the construction industry, sand, alongside cement and aggregate, is critical for forming durable concrete structures. The price of sand in construction varies, typically from Rs 1600 to Rs 3300 per tonne. These fluctuations are evident in the sand prices in India, largely influenced by the cost of different sand types for construction. The most common varieties used are river sand, pit sand, and M sand. In the debate of River Sand vs. Pit Sand: which is better for building?, the decision hinges on specific construction project requirements. Furthermore, staying updated with the latest trends in sand prices for building materials is essential for accurate budgeting. The selection of sand type not only affects the cost but is also pivotal in determining how sand quality and price affects concrete durability, a crucial factor for the longevity and resilience of construction projects. TMT Bar Price list by Brand Navigating the TMT bar price list is critical in building  construction, with prices in India generally between Rs 45 to Rs 80 per kg, varying by grade and quantity, market trends, and TMT bar sizes 6mm 8mm,10mm 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm, 32mm. Selecting the right grade, such as Fe 415 or Fe 500 for residential projects or Fe 550 for industrial applications, hinges on balancing cost and quality. Consulting a TMT bar size chart is essential when choosing bars from top TMT bar companies in India, ensuring optimal strength and efficiency for specific structural needs. Engaging with wholesale TMT dealers and suppliers can lead to more cost-effective purchasing decisions. Keeping abreast of latest trends in TMT bar pricing and understanding different grades’ benefits is key for effective construction planning and budget management. Red Bricks & AAC Blocks Price list Bricks price are steadily rising last 10 years there is spike in bricks prices after covid , so in 2024 it better to keep prior knowledge of costing as traditional red brick price per piece fluctuates between Rs 6 to Rs 15, a variation largely influenced by the grade, quality, and the source from brick manufacturers. First-class bricks are celebrated for their load-bearing strength, while fly ash bricks emerge as an economical, eco-friendly alternative, with prices varying based on regional bricks suppliers. it also important which type of brick wall is needed to construct where to ensure which bricks are best for the project  AAC blocks are favored for their thermal insulation properties, aligning with energy-efficient construction trends. Grasping the diversity in types of construction bricks, including local specialties like Telangana’s Kaleswaram bricks and Delhi’s

What is Brick wall A brick wall is a structural element commonly used in construction, consisting of bricks laid in a specific pattern and bonded together with mortar. Bricks, typically made from fired or sun-dried clay, are small, rectangular blocks. Brick walls are known for their durability, strength, and aesthetic appeal, and they can be used both as load-bearing walls and as decorative or partition walls in various types of buildings. Before knowing types of brick wall it is essential to know what is load beading what is non loading bearing walls to better understand what kind of brick wall is needed for you construction needs.  Load bearing Walls:  A load-bearing wall is a structural element that supports the weight of components above it, such as the roof, floors, or other walls. It plays a crucial role in transferring the load from the roof and upper floors down to the foundation. Non-Load bearing Walls: Non-load-bearing walls, also known as partition walls, are used primarily for dividing spaces within a building. They do not support any structural weight of the building except their own weight and possibly some minimal additional loads like cladding. to know more on load bearing non loading bearing walls we cover another article   Types of  Brick walls There are several types of brick walls, each differing in construction, design, and purpose. Here’s an overview of the most common types:Solid Brick WallsCavity Brick WallsBrick Veneer WallsHollow Brick WallsReinforced Brick WallsFire Brick Walls Solid Brick Wall Construction: Made of solid bricks laid closely together with mortar. No gaps or cavities.Purpose: Historically for load-bearing walls due to strength and durability.Characteristics: Sturdy and robust, poor insulation, susceptible to moisture. Cavity Brick Wall Construction: Two layers of bricks with a cavity between them. Purpose: Better insulation and moisture prevention. Characteristics: Improved thermal and sound insulation. Cavity can be filled with insulation material. Veneer Brick Wall Construction: Single layer of bricks attached to a structural frame or another material.Purpose: Mainly aesthetic; not load-bearing.Characteristics: Thinner layer, primarily decorative, some insulation. Hollow Brick Wall Construction: Made using hollow bricks with internal holes or cavities.Purpose: Lighter and better insulated than solid brick walls.Characteristics: Reduces weight of the structure, improves thermal performance. Reinforced Brick Wall Construction: Bricks with steel reinforcement in a grid pattern.Purpose: Additional strength, especially in seismic areas.Characteristics: Higher stability and stress resistance. Fire Wall Construction: Built with fire-resistant materials, often thicker.Purpose: Prevents or slows fire spread between building sections.Characteristics: Meets specific fire resistance ratings, acts as a barrier.   Frequently asked questionsWhat Type of Wall is Brick? The three most common types of brick walls are solid, cavity, or veneer brick walls. Each type has distinct attributes and benefits. Which Brick Wall is Stronger? Traditional red bricks are considered more robust and stronger than hollow block structures. They are suitable for load-bearing walls. Which Brick is Long Lasting? Red bricks are known for their strength and durability. They have a higher compressive strength compared to fly ash bricks, making them suitable for load-bearing applications and capable of withstanding heavier loads.

Brick Wall Cost Per Square Foot Here is a breakdown of some of the factors that affect the cost of building a brick wall: Type of Wall: You need to pick a certain kind of the wall that determines expense. Taking an example, a brick wall will cost more than a concrete wall. Size of the Wall: As the size of the wall increases, so will its price. Such as requiring additional raw material and manpower. Type of Brick Used: There are various kinds of bricks that exist, and the kind of brick you select will influence the price. Such as, face bricks cost much more than ordinary bricks. Complexity of the Design: It will be expensive to construct a sophisticated design. For instance, such would cost more for a curved or cornered wall as compared to that which is straight. Labor Costs: Costs of labor may differ in accordance with the place of the implementation of a particular project. Labor costs in a large town or a city will be higher as compared to those in an outlying village or countryside. Location of the Project: The cost is also dependent on where the project lies. Take for instance, it could be costlier constructing a wall in a rural location as compared to an urban location where many other facilities are located. This is your response on how much does it cost for a wall. 4” InchBrick Wall (Rate per sq. ft.): Wall Construction Labor: Rs. 25/- Material Cost (Brick, Sand, and Cement): Rs. 85/- Total Construction Cost: Rs. 110/- 6” Inch Brick Wall (Rate per sq. ft.): Wall Construction Labor: Rs. 30/- Material Cost (Brick, Sand, and Cement): Rs. 120/- Total Construction Cost: Rs. 150/- 9” Inch Brick Wall (Rate per sq. ft.): Wall Construction Labor: Rs. 40/- Material Cost (Brick, Sand, and Cement): Rs. 150/- Total Construction Cost: Rs. 190/- How to Calculate Bricks per Square Foot How to Calculate Bricks per Square Foot 1 sq ft = 144 sq inch: In standard measurements, one square foot is equivalent to 144 square inches. 1 brick area = 32 sq inch: The typical area of one brick is considered as 32 square inches. Number of bricks = 144/32 = 4.5: To find the number of bricks per square foot, divide the total square footage by the area of one brick, resulting in 4.5 bricks per square foot.     how many bricks per 1 square feet 4.5 bricks are required per square feet 

Have you ever stopped to think about the unassuming brick? These small, rectangular building blocks have been an integral part of human history for millennia, playing a crucial role in the development of our civilizations and architectural wonders. From their humble beginnings as sun-dried mud bricks to the modern architectural marvels constructed with cutting-edge brick technology, the story of bricks is one of intrigue, innovation, and endurance. The Origins and History of Bricks The history of bricks dates back to a time long before the modern conveniences we take for granted today. In approximately 7000 BC, in what is now southern Turkey, the earliest bricks were crafted from mud and straw, left out to harden in the sun. These ancient mud bricks, also known as adobe bricks, were simple yet effective, showcasing the resourcefulness of our ancestors. The Egyptian Connection in the history of bricks: Ancient Egypt played a significant role in the evolution of brickmaking. Clay mixed with straw became the new building materials , and evidence of this ancient practice can still be seen today in the ruins of Harappa, Buhen, and Mohenjo-daro. Paintings in Thebes depicted the hard work that went into crafting sun-dried bricks, with slaves mixing and carrying the clay, offering us a glimpse into the ancient world. The Turning Point: Fired Bricks: Around 3500 BC, a game-changing innovation occurred with the invention of fired bricks. This advancement allowed bricks to be produced without relying on the sun’s heat, making them suitable for use in cooler climates. The fired bricks were stronger, more resilient, and opened up a world of architectural possibilities. How have the Romans been of the history of bricks and there ingenuity? The Romans left an indelible mark on the use of bricks. They introduced mobile kilns and stamped their bricks with the mark of the overseeing legion. These bricks varied in size and shape, giving their structures a distinctive look. The Romans used bricks extensively, from walls and forts to cultural centers and aqueducts. Their architectural legacy endures in iconic structures like the Herculaneum Gate of Pompeii and the Baths of Caracalla in Rome. The Rise, Fall, and Renaissance: As the Roman Empire declined, so did the widespread use of bricks. The art of brickmaking continued primarily in Italy and the Byzantine Empire. It wasn’t until the 11th century that brickmaking spread to France, followed by northern Germany. The Brick Gothic period, known for its distinctive red clay bricks, emerged as an architectural style that used split courses of bricks in varying colors. The Age of Industrialization: The Industrial Revolution revolutionized brickmaking, with machines introduced to automate the process. The production capacity increased significantly, and brick structures became more accessible and affordable, replacing traditional building materials like stone. Red Bricks and the American Influence to the history of bricks: Red bricks gained popularity during the 19th century, with American cities like Boston and New York favoring locally made bricks. The Industrial Revolution’s influence led to the mass production of bricks, making them the preferred building material. A Contemporary Renaissance: In the mid-18th century, brick walls regained their popularity after being concealed with plaster for a time. Today, brick structures are still commonly used, cherished for their timeless appeal and versatility. A Legacy of Bricks: The legacy of brick endures in the 21st century, with architects like Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Louis Kahn incorporating bricks into their iconic designs. The enduring charm and adaptability of bricks continue to shape the world’s architectural landscape. From sun-dried mud bricks to modern marvels, the history of bricks is a testament to human ingenuity and adaptability. These small blocks have left an indelible mark on our world, and their intriguing story continues to be written in the buildings that surround us. Some of the Brick Facts Manual Brick Making in Medieval Times: Bricks were initially made by hand, with workers kneading clay and placing it in wooden molds. The excess clay was wiped off, and the brick-shaped clay was removed from the frame. Handmade Bricks Until 1885: Handmade brick production persisted until the late 19th century, with workers individually crafting bricks. The Industrial Revolution’s Impact: The industrial revolution marked a significant turning point, transforming brick manufacturing. This era saw the introduction of machines, boosting production capacity and reducing manufacturing and construction costs. 1920s: Rise of Brick Making Machines: By the 1920s, brick making machines had advanced to the point where they could produce up to 12,000 bricks a day. This automation dramatically increased efficiency. Early Brick Buildings in America: Brick buildings in America date back to at least 1611, reflecting a long history of using bricks in construction. 19th Century Building Boom in America: The 19th century witnessed a building boom in America, contributing to the construction of many structures using bricks. This period of growth has continued, shaping the architectural landscape of the country. Bricks in Early American Skyscrapers: Notably, early American skyscrapers in New York, including the iconic Empire State Building, were constructed using bricks. The Empire State Building alone used a substantial quantity of bricks—10 million.  What Lies Ahead from history of bricks to future of bricks ? This is particularly evident with increased industrialization and urbanization. The emergence of alternative construction techniques stems from the growing use of cement-based materials as substitutes for traditional building materials. Bricks, once costly and structurally weak, fell out of favor for skyscrapers due to their enormous sizes. Since the 1960s, bricks have been primarily utilized in the construction of affordable housing units, contributing to their decline. This decline is partly attributed to the reduced role of bricks as structural elements. In contemporary structures, brickwork is commonly reserved for aesthetic purposes, as the main frames are typically constructed using wood or metal. Nevertheless, bricks have made a resurgence as an aesthetic material in the construction of modern low and medium-rise office blocks. However, these buildings do not necessarily adhere to traditional bricklaying techniques, signaling a return to ‘brick-built’ exteriors. If a brief journey through brick